• In fact serotonin is a major modulator of

  2025-02-17

  

  In fact, serotonin is a major modulator of dopaminergic (DA) neuronal activity through the 5-HT2C receptor. Studies have shown that the selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist Ro60-0175 blocks the burst-firing of mesolimbic DA neurons, which project from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus acc

• br Roles for GMF in Endocytic Traffic In addition

  2025-02-17

  

  Roles for GMF in Endocytic Traffic In addition to its roles in cell migration, GMF regulates actin-dependent endocytosis in yeast and mammals 13, 14, 50, and promotes the turnover of focal adhesions in immune 2-Palmitoylglycerol 42, 51. Vinculin, a central component of focal adhesions that ancho

• Another open question is whether GABA and

  2025-02-17

  

  Another open question is whether GABA and ACh are released from the same synaptic vesicles, or even the same presynaptic terminals. Multi-transmitter neurons may either function through co-release, in which multiple neurotransmitters are packaged into the same presynaptic terminal and are therefore

• Introduction Dementia is a common disease in the

  2025-02-17

  

  Introduction Dementia is a common disease in the elderly, and a significant source of disability, healthcare spending, and long-term care admissions. There is evidence to suggest that testosterone plays a role in cognitive functioning, and lower serum levels correlate with higher amyloid deposits (

• Normally the activity of the lyase increases

  2025-02-17

  

  Normally, the activity of the 17,20-lyase increases with the onset of adrenarche [7], [8], [15]. Adrenarche has previously been perceived as a relatively sudden event, occurring physiologically between 6 and 8years of age. However, results from our laboratory clearly indicated that adrenarche is a c

• Among the AXL positive tumors that we

  2025-02-17

  

  Among the AXL-positive tumors that we screened, the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 showed the highest AXL expression level. Additionally, AXL protein levels were higher in TNBC patient samples than in other breast cancers. Considering the difficulty of, and the urgent need for, effective treatments of TN

• Introduction The first use of the term autophagy by a

  2025-02-17

  

  Introduction The first use of the term “autophagy” by a French physiologist, M. Anselmier, in a short article describing the effects of fasting in mice published in 1859, took place almost a century before Christian De Duve described it from a mechanistic point of view in a symposium on lysosomes i

• To maintain ATP levels postmortem muscle

  2025-02-17

  

  To maintain ATP levels, postmortem muscle mobilizes its glycogen reserves to yield Efavirenz 6-phsphate that proceeds through glycolysis. Glycogen degradation was affected by the interaction between treatment and time (Pinitiation of the experiment. We expected that if myosin ATPase is limiting, t

• br Extracellular domain architecture The extracellular

  2025-02-17

  

  Extracellular domain architecture The extracellular region of GABAB receptor exists in a heterodimeric configuration regardless of interactions within the rest of the protein (Geng et al., 2012, Liu et al., 2004, Nomura et al., 2008). The extracellular domains of the GABAB1 and GABAB2 subunits ar

• Despite their different effects on cell survival the

  2025-02-15

  

  Despite their different effects on cell survival, the functions of autophagy and apoptosis are not completely independent. Additionally, Cho et al. (2009) suggested that the mediation of caspase-3 links the apoptotic and autophagic signaling pathways. Consequently, to illuminate the correlation, exc

• br Secreted enzymes Only two secreted

  2025-02-15

  

  Secreted enzymes Only two secreted S. aureus enzymes reportedly induce apoptosis, namely, staphylococcal staphopain B (SspB) and coagulase. SspB selectively cleaved CD11b/CD18 integrin and induced an apoptosis-like cell death in neutrophils and monocytes (Smagur et al., 2009). Neutrophils or mono

• br Antioxidant polymers conjugates Natural antioxidants are

  2025-02-15

  

  Antioxidant-polymers conjugates Natural antioxidants are usually used as a substitute for synthetics but some degradation phenomena could influence their applications. For example, ascorbic map3k8 as a natural antioxidant undergoes yellowish coloration as a result of oxidation [29]. Sing and Kap

• br HMGB proteins and chromatin structure The

  2025-02-15

  

  HMGB proteins and chromatin structure The multifaceted roles played by HMGB (formerly called HMG-1 and -2) proteins in modulating chromatin structure, gene transcriptional activity and cellular phenotype have been covered in a number of recent reviews and readers are referred to these for in-dept

• br Results br Discussion By using an unbiased

  2025-02-15

  

  Results Discussion By using an unbiased proteomic screen for xCT binding partners, followed by functional validation, we have made the surprising discovery that mTORC2 regulates amino kynurenine metabolism in tumor cells by phosphorylating serine 26 of the cystine-glutamate antiporter xCT on

• In our previous study we found that the

  2025-02-15

  

  In our previous study we found that the total activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase in cancer RS-1 of RCC is at the same level as in normal renal tissue [10]. These findings are similar to our results in serum patients with renal cancer. There is no significant difference between ALDH activity in serum

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